• Taken together our results indicated that LOX can

  2024-04-15

  

  Taken together, our results indicated that 5-LOX can be induced in mice by MPTP injection, and the 5-LOX inhibitor MK-886 reduced the death of dopaminergic neurons. MK-886 also reduced the LTB4 PQ 401 sale induced by MPTP. The development of the novel 5-LOX or FLAP inhibitors may provide a new ther

• br Conclusion br Conflicts of

  2024-04-15

  

  Conclusion Conflicts of interest Introduction RNA interference is a specific post-transcriptional gene silencing mechanism within a cell via the transfection of microRNAs (miRNA), exogenous small interfering RNAs (siRNA) or small hairpin RNAs (shRNA) [1–3]. Transfection of shRNA can be done

• Double immunofluorescence staining of Gas and Axl

  2024-04-15

  

  Double immunofluorescence staining of Gas6 and Axl with neuronal specific nuclear protein (NeuN), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), demonstrated that Gas6 and Axl are expressed by neurons, astrocytes and microglia/macrophages (Fig. 2). In

• br Author contributions br Competing interests br

  2024-04-15

  

  Author contributions Competing interests Transparency document Acknowledgments This research was funded by a TOP ZonMW grant (40-00812-98-10054) to R.O.E., a DFG grant (KR4391/1-1) and IZKF Erlangen grant (J36) to A.K. and supported in part by Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussions Our resul

  2024-04-15

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussions Our results indicated that autophagy was suppressed in GECs under HAGG treatment, through Akt/mTOR-dependent pathways. Previous reports provided clues for the linkages between ICs and endothelial cell autophagy. Fujii and colleagues reported that se

• A large number of studies have shown

  2024-04-15

  

  A large number of studies have shown that oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiological process of ventricular remodeling and is associated with left ventricular dysfunction (Hori and Nishida, 2009, Lord et al., 2010). The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that exceeds anti-oxidat

• atp gamma s receptor Apelin is involved in various physiolog

  2024-04-15

  

  Apelin is involved in various physiological functions, including atp gamma s receptor contraction (Ashley et al., 2005), vasodilatation (Jia et al., 2007), feeding control (Valle et al., 2008), and metabolic homeostasis (Higuchi et al., 2007, Dray et al., 2008, Attane et al., 2010). Its plasma leve

• Reactive oxygen species is an aspect of

  2024-04-15

  

  Reactive oxygen species is an aspect of oxidative stress which are associated with many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, inflammation, atherosclerosis and cancers (Collins, 2005; Halliwell, 1994). Thus, the need for naturally occurring antioxidants is of crucial importance. Some biop

• Finally we argue that the

  2024-04-15

  

  Finally, we argue that the estimated penetrance of 0.45% (95% CI 0.02%, 9.35%) calculated by leveraging the gnomAD (Lek et al., 2016) population data indicate that T201S is at most a low-risk gene variant for CJD. If we arbitrarily consider a central estimate of 10% or higher as the clinically signi

• A has been reported to decrease insulin receptors and

  2024-04-15

  

  Aβ has been reported to decrease insulin receptors and impair insulin signaling in neurons, preventing phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), downstream of insulin signaling, and to increase phosphorylation of tau protein causing neurofibrillary tangles (Tokutake et al., 20

• br Conflict of interest statement br Introduction Tanshinone

  2024-04-15

  

  Conflict of interest statement Introduction Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a major active component of Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza), a well-known Chinese traditional medicine that is used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases [1]. Tan IIA exhibits diverse phar

• br LO synaptic integrity and memory

  2024-04-13

  

  12/15LO, synaptic integrity, and memory Interestingly, several groups have found that 12/15LO directly modulates synaptic function. Normandin and colleagues reported that pharmacological inhibition of 12/15LO modulates rat hippocampal long-term depression (LTD), a process by which neuronal synapt

• The assay performance was estimated using

  2024-04-13

  

  The assay performance was estimated using Z′-factors (plotted in Fig. 2A) according to Zhang et al. calculated for each plate comparing positive (in the absence of an inhibitor) and negative controls (in the presence of an AdK inhibitor). The mean Z′-factor±SD was determined to be 0.7±0.1, indicativ

• Our studies also reveal the normal functional roles of

  2024-04-13

  

  Our studies also reveal the normal functional roles of the MIR. Interaction between the MIR loop and the N-terminal α helix nucleates conformational maturation of AChR subunits, thereby promoting assembly of mature AChRs [52], [55]. This interaction in homologous parts of all AChR subunits appears

• The present in vitro pharmacological experiments

  2024-04-13

  

  The present in vitro pharmacological experiments revealed that the cholinergic up-regulation of VEGF expression in neurons and astrocytes was mainly mediated by nicotinic AChR and muscarinic AChR, respectively. In addition, neuronal VEGF expression was elevated by endogenous ACh in a manner that was

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