• The original Aurora kinase was identified

  2023-09-27

  

  The original Aurora kinase was identified during a phenotypic screen for defects in mitotic spindles in Drosophila mutants. Aurora mutants were so named because of the morphological defects at the mitotic spindle resembling the Aurora borealis, or the Northern light [4]. The structure of the Auroras

• Introduction Lipoxygenases LOXs are key enzymes that

  2023-09-27

  

  Introduction Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are key enzymes that catalyze the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidic Mitomycin C sale (AA), linoleic acid (LA) and others unsaturated fatty acids (Brash, 1999). LOXs are expressed in immune, neural, epithelial, tumor cells and other cells (Claes

• From an historical perspective ligands

  2023-09-27

  

  From an historical perspective, ligands for GPCRs (adrenaline, serotonin, nitric oxide inhibitor or morphine, to name a few) have been identified before their receptor counterparts, at a time when the concept of receptor itself was controversial [15]. Although many cognate receptors for endogenous

• Limitations of this study include the use of

  2023-09-27

  

  Limitations of this study include the use of HL-1 cardiomyocytes, which show different characteristics than primary cardiomyocytes [56]. Furthermore, sustained TAC in Ampkα1-deficient mice did not favorably influence cardiac function [33]. It must be kept in mind that global Ampkα1-deficiency may af

• In this article we have outlined

  2023-09-27

  

  In this article, we have outlined the increasing, as yet still circumstantial evidence that the 6TM domains of bacterial ACs might operate as receptors for as yet unknown ligands. Intriguingly, several architectural arguments are also applicable to the 6TM domains of mammalian membrane-bound ACs (mA

• br Materials and methods br

  2023-09-27

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the contribution of adenosine receptors to vascular tone in mice with T1D. We showed that diabetes resulted in decreased A1 adenosine receptor-mediated contraction in the aorta, which was accompanied by inc

• br Results br Discussion Dopamine regulates behavioral respo

  2023-09-26

  

  Results Discussion Dopamine regulates behavioral responses to nicotine in Drosophila (Bainton et al., 2000), but neurochemical measurements of dopamine after nicotine stimulation had not been made. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that the stimulation of nAChRs causes dopamine release i

• Another significant group of reductase

  2023-09-26

  

  Another significant group of 5α-reductase inhibitors is the steroidal 3-carboxylic MRT68921 derivatives (relevant examples in Fig. 5), which were designed to mimic the putative enzyme-bound enolate intermediate. This was achieved by introducing sp2-hybridized centers at C3 and C4 and an anionic car

• In plants altered expression of Aurora kinases results

  2023-09-26

  

  In plants, altered expression of Aurora kinases results in impaired meiotic divisions followed by the formation of aneuploid or polyploid progenies [21]. This observation is interesting from an evolutionary point of view because it can be assumed that, during evolution, the influence of biotic and a

• Spectinomycin hydrochloride hydrate br Future view and impli

  2023-09-26

  

  Future view and implications The selection and spread of multi(drug)-resistant microorganisms over the last decades has become a major and global public health concern [35]. Two growing threats originating from the fungal kingdom, i.e. Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida auris[36], [37], re-emphasi

• It has been proposed that angiotensin II

  2023-09-26

  

  It has been proposed that angiotensin II (Ang II) may upregulate COX-2 expression and the subsequent vasoconstrictor prostanoids production through the activation of AT-1 receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells (Hu et al., 2002). Additionally, this peptide is also able to stimulate the generation

• br Obstructing SNARE zippering Sharma et al demonstrated for

  2023-09-26

  

  Obstructing SNARE “zippering” Sharma et al. demonstrated for the first time that in the postmortem AD brains, the level of SNARE complex formation, which is necessary for driving synaptic vesicle fusion at the presynaptic active zone, is significantly reduced [123]. In the absence of changes in e

• AMP activated protein kinase AMPK is composed of and subunit

  2023-09-26

  

  AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is composed of α-, β-, and γ-subunits [17,18]. Phosphorylation of α-subunit at Thr-172 residue is essential for AMPK activation [17,18]. The serine/threonine kinase coordinates metabolic pathways in response to energy supply and demand [17,18]. Studies have shown

• Sixth significant progress has been

  2023-09-26

  

  Sixth, significant progress has been made during the last few years regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of AMPK and this should aid to develop more potent and specific compounds. Information from crystallographic structures combined with computer-based drug design hold promi

• Similar to Cys Met can undergo ROS mediated oxidation to

  2023-09-26

  

  Similar to Cys, Met can undergo ROS-mediated oxidation to Met sulfoxide, which can result in changes in protein conformation and activity [43]. In our results, the Met content in wild ginseng is higher compared to cultivated ginseng (1.3 times, Table 1). Met is a substrate for the synthesis of vario

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